How does multi-factor authentication work?

What will you learn about MFA?

This document breaks down the underlying mechanics and operational deployment of multi-factor authentication by exploring:

• The three fundamental pillars of identity verification, categorised by knowledge, possession, and inherence traits to create layered user validation
• The operational trade-offs of modern MFA deployment methods, contrasting highly secure physical hardware tokens against user-friendly push notifications vulnerable to fatigue tactics
• The evolution toward advanced passwordless environments, highlighting the implementation of FIDO2 standards, continuous session monitoring, and real-time behavioural biometric profiling

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